作者：刘欣，程九华，卢虹冰，张立藩，董秀珍
【关键词】  血压变异性；心率变异性；谱分析
　　Preprocessing and spectral analysis of arterial blood pressure signals in conscious rats
　　【Abstract】 AIM: To apply preprocessing and spectral analysis of systolic blood pressure and heart rate signals in conscious rats to evaluate changes in cardiovascular regulatory function induced by simulated weightlessness. METHODS: The tailsuspended, hindlimbunloaded (HU) rat model was used to simulate the cardiovascular effect of microgravity. A pressure transducer connected to a PE50-PE10 catheter was inserted via the right femoral artery into the posterior abdominal aorta in conscious rats. We applied first derivative and template match algorithm to obtain systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) data form original blood pressure data. PP time series extracted form the SBP time series were used to substitute the data of RR time series. SBPV data were analyzed by periodogram. RESULTS: An algorithm of first derivative and template match was suitable for effectively identifying SBP time series. The PP time series could replace RR time series. Power spectrum of SBPV, estimated by periodogram could be divided into 3 different frequency bands, very low frequency, low frequency, and high frequency. CONCLUSION: Periodogram is a useful method for blood pressure data processing, which is effective in detecting cardiovascular dysfunction in conscious rats after a 14d simulated microgravity, and may be helpful for cardiovascular signal analysis in conscious rats.
　　【Keywords】 blood pressure variability; heart rate variability; spectral analysis
　　【摘要】 目的： 研究模拟失重大鼠清醒状态下收缩压与心率变异性的信号预处理及谱分析方法. 方法： 以尾部悬吊大鼠模型模拟失重对心血管的影响，通过股动脉插管术在清醒状态下进行血压记录. 数据分析使用血压变异性检测算法获取收缩压变异性数据，并从中提取PP间期序列用以替代RR间期数据；使用周期图法对SBPV进行谱分析. 结果： 一阶导数阈值与模板匹配检测算法具有较高的检测准确率；从SBPV数据中提取的PP间期能够作为心电图RR间期的替代数据；通过对SBPV信号进行周期图谱估计可将血压波动信号分解为高频、低频与极低频三个不同频率范围的周期波动. 结论： 使用周期图谱估计能够较好揭示模拟失重大鼠血压变化的特征，在利用大鼠进行重力心血管研究中有一定应用价值.
　　【关键词】 血压变异性；心率变异性；谱分析
　　【中图号】 R743.3
　　0引言
　　在心血管疾病及微重力心血管生理研究中，大鼠是最重要的实验动物之一. 利用大鼠模型，可以进行从细胞、组织、器官到整体多个层次的观察［1-2］，但对其心率变异性（heart rate variability, HRV）与血压变异性（systolic blood pressure, SBP）的分析工作则开展较晚［3］，且随后的相关报道也较少［4-5］. 再者，模拟失重是否会引起大鼠HRV, BPV发生改变尚存在分歧［7］，需要采用不同方法予以澄清. 因此，我们建立清醒大鼠血压信号的预处理方法，初步观察14 d模拟失重是否可引起SBPV功率谱改变.
　　1材料和方法
　　1.1实验动物及实验设计实验动物为SpragueDawley雄性大鼠（220~280 g，第四军医大学实验动物中心提供）. 采用尾部悬吊后肢不荷重大鼠模型模拟失重对心血管功能的影响［8］，另设同步对照进行比较. 第12日，以氯胺酮50 mg/kg和地西泮5 mg/kg静脉给药对两组大鼠进行麻醉. 将PE50-PE10聚乙稀管从大鼠右侧股动脉插入腹主动脉后段，导管另一端从大鼠背部肩胛骨间皮肤穿出

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